Tendon repair and reconstruction are critical surgical procedures aimed at restoring normal function to damaged or torn tendons, which are essential for joint movement and stability. These procedures are vital in treating injuries commonly found in athletes and individuals engaged in repetitive physical activities, as well as in cases of degenerative conditions.
 
Tendon repair typically involves surgically reattaching torn tendon fibers, often using sutures or surgical staples. This is most common with acute tears, where the damage is relatively straightforward. In more complex scenarios, or when the tendon is severely degenerated, tendon reconstruction might be necessary. This involves using grafts taken from other tendons or, occasionally, from donors, to rebuild the damaged tendon.
 
The choice between repair and reconstruction depends on several factors, including the tendon's location, the extent of injury, and the patient’s overall health and activity level. Surgeons aim to restore the tendon’s strength and flexibility, thereby enabling a return to normal functions.
 
Postoperative care is crucial and includes immobilization of the affected area, followed by a carefully planned physical therapy program that gradually reintroduces stress to the tendon. This rehabilitation process is essential to avoid complications such as stiffness or re-injury and to ensure the best possible outcome.
 
The success of tendon repair and reconstruction significantly improves a patient’s quality of life by alleviating pain, restoring function, and preventing further joint damage. With advances in surgical techniques and a better understanding of tendon healing, patients often return to their pre-injury levels of activity, although recovery can be a lengthy process requiring patience and adherence to rehabilitation protocols.